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Table 2 Stimulants used and cytokines measured in the mononuclear cell assays.

From: The Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma (URECA) birth cohort study: design, methods, and study population

Innate Immune Responses

Adaptive Immune Responses

Stimulants

Cytokines

Stimulants

Cytokines

Lipopolysaccharide

IFN-α

Phytohemagglutinin

IFN-γ

Polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid

IFN-γ

Cockroach extract

IL-10

Peptidoglycan

IL-10

Dust mite (D. pteronyssinus)

IL-13

CpG

IL-12p40

extract

IL-4

Respiratory syncytial virus

TNF-α

Tetanus toxoid

IL-5

Rhinovirus*

IL-8

CD3 + CD28 Mab*

 

Medium alone

 

Medium alone

 
  1. * Stimulation not conducted on cells from the umbilical cord samples
  2. † Not measured in umbilical cord samples