Table 1 Clinical characteristics and CT features of patients in the training and test sets
From: A nomogram for predicting lymphovascular invasion in lung adenocarcinoma: a retrospective study
Characteristics | Training set | Test set | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LVI-positive (n = 171) | LVI-negative (n = 145) | P value | LVI-positive (n = 73) | LVI-negative (n = 61) | P value | |
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 56.90 ± 9.80 | 58.50 ± 9.70 | 0.144 | 57.50 ± 9.60 | 59.50 ± 9.50 | 0.227 |
Sex, n (%) | 0.145 | 0.094 | ||||
Male | 100 (58.50) | 72 (49.70) | 44 (60.30) | 27 (44.30) | ||
Female | 71 (41.50) | 73 (50.30) | 29 (39.70) | 34 (55.70) | ||
Smoking history, n (%) | 0.506 | 0.776 | ||||
No | 112 (65.50) | 101 (69.70) | 53 (72.60) | 42 (68.90) | ||
Yes | 59 (34.50) | 44 (30.30) | 20 (27.40) | 19 (31.10) | ||
CEA(ng/mL), n (%) | P < 0.001 | 0.030 | ||||
≤ 5 | 86 (50.30) | 110 (75.90) | 45 (61.60) | 49 (80.30) | ||
> 5 | 85 (49.70) | 35 (24.10) | 28 (38.40) | 12 (19.70) | ||
Diameter(cm), (mean ± SD) | 3.10 ± 1.30 | 2.00 ± 0.90 | P < 0.001 | 3.20 ± 1.50 | 2.20 ± 0.90 | P < 0.001 |
Location, n (%) | 0.384 | 0.040 | ||||
Left lung | 79 (46.20) | 59 (40.70) | 21 (28.80) | 29 (47.50) | ||
Right lung | 92 (53.80) | 86 (59.30) | 52 (71.20) | 32 (52.50) | ||
Border, n (%) | 1.000 | 0.506 | ||||
Sharp | 149 (87.10) | 127 (87.60) | 65 (89.00) | 51 (83.60) | ||
Ill-defined | 22 (12.90) | 18 (12.40) | 8 (11.00) | 10 (16.40) | ||
Shape, n (%) | 0.243 | 0.925 | ||||
Regular | 82 (48.00) | 80 (55.20) | 39 (53.40) | 34 (55.70) | ||
Irregular | 89 (52.00) | 65 (44.80) | 34 (46.60) | 27 (44.30) | ||
Spiculation, n (%) | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | ||||
Absent | 56 (32.70) | 87 (60.00) | 20 (27.40) | 39 (63.90) | ||
Present | 115 (67.30) | 58 (40.00) | 53 (72.60) | 22 (36.10) | ||
Lobulation, n (%) | P < 0.001 | P < 0.001 | ||||
Absent | 43 (25.10) | 66 (45.50) | 14 (19.20) | 31 (50.80) | ||
Present | 128 (74.90) | 79 (54.50) | 59 (80.80) | 30 (49.20) | ||
Vacuole sign, n (%) | 0.025 | 0.358 | ||||
Absent | 162 (94.70) | 126 (86.90) | 67 (91.80) | 52 (85.20) | ||
Present | 9 (5.30) | 19 (13.10) | 6 (8.20) | 9 (14.80) | ||
Air bronchogram, n (%) | 0.177 | 0.306 | ||||
Absent | 165 (96.50) | 134 (92.40) | 71 (97.30) | 56 (91.80) | ||
Present | 6 (3.50) | 11 (7.60) | 2 (2.70) | 5 (8.20) | ||
Pleural indentation, n (%) | 0.947 | 1.000 | ||||
Absent | 82 (48.00) | 71 (49.00) | 33 (45.20) | 28 (45.90) | ||
Present | 89 (52.00) | 74 (51.00) | 40 (54.80) | 33 (54.10) | ||