Table 2 Results of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed factors associated with LVI
From: A nomogram for predicting lymphovascular invasion in lung adenocarcinoma: a retrospective study
Characteristics | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
Age, years (mean ± SD) | 0.983 (0.961–1.006) | 0.145 | ||
Sex, n (%) | 0.117 | |||
Male | Reference | |||
Female | 1.428 (0.915–2.230) | |||
Smoking history, n (%) | 0.432 | |||
No | Reference | |||
Yes | 1.209 (0.753–1.943) | |||
CEA (ng/mL), n (%) | P < 0.001 | 0.009 | ||
≤ 5 | Reference | Reference | ||
> 5 | 3.106 (1.914–5.042) | 2.060 (1.200–3.540) | ||
Diameter, cm (mean ± SD) | 2.609 (1.972–3.453) | P < 0.001 | 2.280 (1.700–3.060) | P < 0.001 |
Location, n (%) | 0.325 | |||
Left lung | Reference | |||
Right lung | 0.799 (0.511–1.250) | |||
Border, n (%) | 0.904 | |||
Sharp | Reference | |||
Ill-defined | 1.042 (0.535–2.028) | |||
Shape, n (%) | 0.201 | |||
Regular | Reference | |||
Irregular | 1.336 (0.857–2.082) | |||
Spiculation, n (%) | P < 0.001 | 0.001 | ||
Absent | Reference | Reference | ||
Present | 3.080 (1.943–4.884) | 2.660 (1.520–4.640) | ||
Lobulation, n (%) | P < 0.001 | |||
Absent | Reference | |||
Present | 2.487 (1.546–4.001) | |||
Vacuole sign, n (%) | 0.018 | 0.035 | ||
Absent | Reference | Reference | ||
Present | 0.368 (0.161–0.842) | 0.370 (0.140–0.930) | ||
Air bronchogram, n (%) | 0.118 | |||
Absent | Reference | |||
Present | 0.443 (0.160–1.229) | |||
Pleural indentation, n (%) | 0.858 | |||
Absent | Reference | |||
Present | 1.041 (0.669–1.621) | |||