Table 3 Comparison of body composition, nutritional features, physical function, dyspnea, and HR-QOL

AA group (n = 15)

W2

W4

change^a

ES

p-value^b

Body composition

 Body weight, kg

53.9 [49.5 - 57.9]

54.7 [50.8 - 58.5]

0.8 [0.7 - 1.2]

0.84

<0.001

 BMI, kg/m²

20.1 [18.7 - 22.4]

20.5 [19.2 - 22.6]

0.30 [0.25 - 0.45]

0.84

<0.001

 FMI, kg/m²

4.6 [4.3 - 5.7]

4.8 [4.4 - 5.8]

0.11 [-0.02 - 0.35]

0.59

0.019

 FFMI, kg/m²

15.4 [14.4 - 16.5]

15.7 [14.8 - 16.5]

0.19 [0.08 - 0.36]

0.66

0.009

Nutritional features

 Dietary intake, kcal

1800 [1775 - 1945]

1900 [1800 - 2008]

25 [-16 - 83]

0.51

0.049

 Energy expenditure, kcal

1850 [1740 - 1954]

1865 [1777 - 1977]

13 [-9 - 51]

0.46

0.083

Physical function

 6MWD, m

360 [329 - 378]

375 [352 - 417]

20 [15 - 28]

0.85

<0.001

 QMS, kgf

29 [24 - 35]

31 [27 -36]

2 [1 - 3]

0.81

0.002

Dyspnea, anxiety, depression and HRQOL

 mMRC, 0/1/2/3/4

0/3/6/4/2

0/4/5/5/1

0 [0 - 0]

0.37

0.500

 HADS anxiety

4 [3 - 7]

4 [2 - 7]

0 [-2 - 2]

0.01

1.000

 HADS depression

7 [4 - 9]

7 [4 - 8]

0 [-1 - 0]

0.17

0.594

 CAT

16 [13 - 21]

14 [9 - 21]

-2 [-3 - 0]

0.04

0.148

AB group (n = 15)

W2

W4

change^a

ES

p-value^b

p-value^c

Body composition

 Body weight, kg

47.9 [43.5 - 55.9]

48.0 [43.2 - 55.4]

0.0 [-0.3 - 0.4]

0.06

0.814

<0.001

 BMI, kg/m²

19.5 [18.6 - 21.1]

19.5 [18.7 - 21.0]

0.00 [-0.12 - 0.13]

0.06

0.850

<0.001

 FMI, kg/m²

5.6 [4.3 - 6.8]

5.6 [4.4 - 7.1]

0.03 [0.00 -0.16]

0.32

0.240

0.345

 FFMI, kg/m²

14.7 [12.7 - 15.3]

14.7 [12.8 - 15.3]

-0.04 [-0.08 - 0.00]

0.30

0.266

<0.001

Nutritional features

 Dietary intake, kcal

1607 [1552 - 1873]

1600 [1548 - 1888]

-7 [-47 -18]

0.25

0.347

0.035

 Energy expenditure, kcal

1582 [1549 - 1853]

1591 [1525 - 1795]

5 [-25 - 21]

0.03

0.923

0.126

Physical function

 6MWD, m

330 [291 - 380]

335 [275 - 380]

-2 [-17 - 7]

0.18

0.498

<0.001

 QMS, kgf

25 [18 - 32]

25 [18 -31]

0 [-1 - 0]

0.35

0.181

0.002

Dyspnea, anxiety, depression and HRQOL

 mMRC, 0/1/2/3/4

0/3/5/4/3

0/3/6/4/2

0 [0 - 0]

0.00

1.000

0.539

 HADS anxiety

7 [5 - 9]

7 [5 - 10]

0 [0 - 1]

0.20

0.469

0.935

 HADS depression

8 [5 - 10]

8 [5 - 11]

0 [0 - 2]

0.16

0.574

0.267

 CAT

13 [12 - 19]

16 [13 - 20]

0 [0 - 3]

0.54

0.039

0.009