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Table 1 Patients` characteristics, histological pattern, treatment and outcome

From: Trans-bronchial forceps biopsy for COVID-19 related diffuse parenchymal lung abnormalities

 

Overall (N = 27)

OP (N = 12)

non-OP (N = 15)

IC (N = 23)

non-IC (n = 4)

Demography

 Age (years), median (IQR)

56 (25.5)

58 (16.5)

53 (34)

54 (28.5)

74 (6.25)

 Male, n (%)

16 (60)

7 (58)

9 (60)

14 (61)

2 (50)

Severity of COVID-19

 WHO severity scale, median (IQR)

4 (1)

4 (1)

4 (1)

4 (1)

4.5 (1)

Comorbidities

 IC, n (%)

23 (85)

10 (83)

13 (87)

  

 Active malignancy total/solid/ hematologic, n (%)

15 (56)

8 (67)/2(17)/6(50)

7 (47)/1(7)/6(40)

  

 Solid organ transplantation, n (%)

6 (22)

2 (17)

4 (27)

  

 HSCT, n (%)

2 (7)

1 (8)

1 (7)

  

 Receiving cancer chemotherapy, n (%)a

6 (22)

3 (25)

3 (20)

  

 Receiving ≥ 20 mg prednisolone/d

1 (4)

1 (8)

0 (0)

  

 Other immunosuppressive treatments, n (%)b

6 (22)

3 (25)

3 (20)

  

 CCI, median (IQR)

4 (3)

4 (2.75)

3 (6)

4 (3)

5 (3.75)

Clinical parameters at time of bronchoscopy

 FVC %, median (IQR)

81.5 (20)

80 (22.3)

80.5 (22)

79 (25)

85 (2)

 DLCO %, median (IQR)

55 (16)

57 (21)

54 (17)

54 (15.3)

55 (11.5)

 mMRC, median (IQR)

0.5 (2)

0.5 (2.3)

0.5 (2)

1 (2)

0 (0.3)

 O2 supplementation, n (%)

10 (37)

4 (33)

6 (40)

8 (35)

2 (50)

 O2 rate (l/min), median (IQR)

2.5 (2)

4.5 (3)

2 (2)

3 (2)

2 (0)

 CRP mg/l, median (IQR)

99 (88)

124 (113)

49.5 (86.5)

69.5 (82)

121.5 (52.5)

CT Scan

 Ground-glass opacity, n (%)

19 (70)

8 (67)

11 (73)

17 (74)

2 (50)

 Consolidation, n (%)

10 (37)

5 (42)

5 (33)

8 (35)

2 (50)

 Reticulations, n (%)

2 (7)

0 (0)

2 (13)

1 (4)

1 (25)

Histological pattern of TBFB

 Organizing pneumonia, n (%)

12 (44)

  

10 (43)

2 (50)

 Inflammation, n (%)

8 (30)

    

 Histiocytic reaction, n (%)

2 (7)

    

 Normal or subtile nonspecific findings, n (%)

2 (7)

    

 Diffuse alveolar damage, n (%)

1 (4)

    

 Fibrosis, pattern not definable, n (%)

1 (4)

    

 Alveolar proteinosis, n (%)

1 (4)

    

Treatment

 Steroids, n (%)

21 (78)

11 (92)

10 (67)

18 (78)

3 (75)

 Initial Prednisolone dose mg/d, median (IQR)

60 (59)

60 (43)

50 (60)

60 (56.5)

55 (70)

Outcome

 Peri-interventional complications, n (%)

2 (7)

1 (8)

1 (7)

2 (9)

0 (0)

 Hospital mortality, n (%)

2 (7)

1 (8)

1 (7)

1 (4)

1 (25)

 Clinical improvement at discharge, n (%)

24 (89)

11 (92)

13 (87)

21 (91)

3 (75)

  1. CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, CRP C-reactive protein, CT Computed Tomography, d day, DLCO diffusing capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide, IC immunocompromised, IQR interquartile range, FVC forced vital capacity, HL Hodgkin Lymphoma, HSCT Hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation, mMRC modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale, NHL Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, O2 oxygen, WHO World Health Organization
  2. aThe following chemotherapy regimens were used: Carboplatin/Etoposide in 1 patient with lung cancer, Bendamustine in 1 patient with NHL, BEACOPP in 1 patient with HL, combination chemotherapy (unknown regimen) in 3 patients with NHL
  3. bThe following other immunosuppressive treatments were used: Obinutuzumab (2 cases in OP and 1 in non-OP group), Ocrelizumab in 1 case from non-OP group, Ruxolitinib in 1 case from non-OP group, Teclistamab in 1 case from OP group
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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

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