Fig. 3

The dose–response relationship between GNRI and the adverse outcomes were displayed by restricted cubic spline (RCS) after adjusting for potential confounders including age, gender, hypertension, WBC, creatinine, Hb, SOFA, APACHE II, sepsis, vasopressor, RRT and CKD. We employed a 4-knots RCS positioned at the 5th, 35th, 65th, and 95th percentiles of GNRI to fit the dose–response relationship between GNRI and the adverse outcomes. The blue solid line represented the adjusted odds ratio (OR) or estimated regression coefficient Beta, and the blue area was the 95% confidence interval (CI)