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Fig. 7 | BMC Pulmonary Medicine

Fig. 7

From: Epidemiological trends and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in young individuals based on the 2021 global burden of disease data (1990–2021)

Fig. 7

Distribution of risk factors contributing to COPD-related Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) among individuals aged 15–49 globally and across 21 regions in 2021, expressed as percentages. The bar charts represent the contributions of smoking, secondhand smoke, particulate matter pollution, occupational exposure to particulate matter, gases, and fumes, low temperature, high temperature, and ambient ozone pollution

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BMC Pulmonary Medicine

ISSN: 1471-2466

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