Table 2 Results of systemic review
Author | Date | Age | Gender | Symptoms | Effusions | Triglyceride mg/dl | Type | Site | Therapeutic Modality | Post-Operative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Article1. [10] | 1946 | 32 | Male | Cough (productive) | Left | - | Cystic | - | Low fat diet | No |
Article2. [11] | 1953 | 3 | Male | Fever Dyspnea Developmental delay | Left | - | Cystic | - | Pleurodesis (lipiodol and penicillin 20,000 Units) | No |
Article3. [12] | 1968 | 6 weeks | Male | Respiratory distress | Left | - | - | Posterior | - | No |
Article4. [13] | 1968 | 27 | Female | Asymptomatic | Right | - | - | - | Thoracic duct ligation | Yes |
Article5. [14] | 1980 | 40 | Male | Fever Cough (productive) Hemoptysis | Right | - | Cystic | Superior & Anterior | Surgical removal | No |
Article6. [15] | 1983 | 19 | Female | Chest discomfort Malaise Dyspnea Chylopericardium | Left | 800 | Cystic | Anterior | - | No |
Article7. [16] | 1985 | 21 months | Male | Fever Cough Respiratory distress | Left | - | Cystic | Anterior | Surgical removal | Yes |
Article8. [17] | 1986 | 11 | Male | Cough (non-productive) | Right | - | Cystic | Posterior | Surgical removal Thoracic duct ligation Radiotherapy (20 Gy) | No |
Article9. [18] | 1993 | 55 | Male | Fever Dyspnea Chest tightness | Bilateral Right > Left | 149 | - | - | Thoracic duct ligation corticotherapy | No |
Article10. [9] | 1995 | 20 | Male | Asymptomatic | - | - | - | Anterior | Thoracic duct ligation | Yes |
Article11. [19] | 2005 | 60 | Male | Dyspnea Chylopericardium | Left | - | Cystic | Anterior | Surgical removal Thoracic duct ligation | No |
Article12. [20] | 2007 | 50 | Male | Asymptomatic | Right | 494 | - | Inferior (diaphragm) | Pleurodesis (bleomycin 1 mg/kg and interferon 3mIU/d) Octreotide (10 ug/kg) Sclerotherapy to the lymphangioma | Yes |
Article13. [21] | 2013 | 26 | Female | Cough(productive) Respiratory failure | Bilateral. Right > left | 251 | Cavernous | Superior | Thoracic duct ligation Surgical removal | No |
Article14. [22] | 2014 | 21 months | Male | Fever Cough | Right | 296 | Cavernous | Superior & Anterior | Octreotide (3 ug/kg) Sclerotherapy (minocycline 2 mg/kg/day) Excision of tumor Pleuroperitoneal shunt | No |
Article15. [23] | 2016 | 35 | Female | Chest pain | - | - | - | Posterior | Partial Pleurectomy Thoracic duct sealing Pleurodesis (talc, tetracycline) Radiotherapy CT guided percutaneous thoracic duct sclero embolization | Yes |
Article16. [24] | 2018 | 82 | Male | Shortness of breath | Left | 2,260 | Cystic | Superior & Anterior | Surgical removal | No |
Article17. [5] | 2019 | 18 | Female | Chest pain Shortness of breath | Left | - | Cystic | - | Surgical Removal Pleurodesis (talc) | No |