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Table 2 Efficacy ranking of nutritional supplements in COPD treatment

From: The effects of various nutritional supplements in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a network meta-analysis

Treatment

FEV1% pred (%)

FEV1/FVC (%)

6MWD

(%)

mMRC

(%)

CAT

(%)

SGRQ

(%)

Yam-Epimedium

54.8

91.0

97.4

99.1

coenzyme Q10 +

creatine

37.0

90.8

52.2

beta alanine

32.6

complex

42.5

28.9

42.8

45.9

25.7

fish oil

57.0

42.8

9.4

46.8

Nanocurcumin

93.0

94.5

MLT

80.4

89.0

99.6

nitrate

46.7

72.8

0.00

40.5

38.8

placebo

37.5

45.9

31.5

48.3

12.8

6.9

pomegranate juice

41.2

whey proteins

33.1

55.4

26.9

39.2

butyrate

65.5

creatine

42.8

69.4

EAA

62.2

47.2

probiotic

83.2

AKL1

37.4

46.0

45.0

65.7

V E + V C

28.6

VD

42.5

57.0

18.1

75.2

OPC

21.5

40.8

VC 250 mg

52.1

52.2

V E 200 mg

50.4

41.3

VE 400 mg

49.1

45.8

EPA

44.8

57.9

  1. FEV1 = Forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FVC = Forced vital capacity, 6MWD = 6-minute walk distance,
  2. CAT = COPD assessment test, mMRC = modified Medical Research Council, SGRQ = St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, coenzyme Q10 + creatine = coenzyme Q10 combined with creatine, MLT = Melatonin, AKL1 = a patented botanical formulation containing extracts of Picrorhiza kurroa, Ginkgo biloba, and Zingiber officinale. “—” means not applicable while. EAA = Essential amino acid, VD = Vitamin D, VC = Vitamin C, VE = Vitamin E, EPA = Eicosapentaenoic acid